Federal · federal court of appeals · 2025

In re: Eric Chibueze Nwaubani

Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, 3 September 2025. What the court wrote about citations that did not exist, in its own words, from the document on file.

Case record · 4th Cir.

  1. Court. Court of Appeals for the Fourth CircuitCOURT
  2. Level. federal court of appealsLEVEL
  3. Date. 3 September 2025DATED
  4. Docket. No. 25-9517DOCKET
  5. Documents. one document, 8 passages quoted belowON FILE
  6. Source. CourtListenerSOURCE

Retrieved · the text below was read from the source documents on that day.

What the court wrote

The passages in which the court addresses the fabricated authority, verbatim, by document. A bracketed ellipsis marks where a passage was cut for length; nothing else is changed.

Docket entry 8, 3 September 2025 · source · PDF · 33 pages

Docket text. BRIEF by Mr. Hamilton P. Fox, III, Esq.. Type of Brief: RESPONSE. . Do any cases pending in this court or the Supreme Court of the United States raise similar issues? NO.. [1001834432] [25-9517] Hamilton Fox [Entered: 09/03/2025 01:16 PM]

Nwaubani filed a Reply Brief on June 14, 2024 (J A 55-78). The Reply Brief did not cite Jackson, but it cited two other non-existent cases, Commodity Futures Trading Commission v. Glencore, Ltd., 611 F.3d 1330 (Fed.

JA 79. The use of AI may have led to “inapt argument and, more egregiously, to the citation of a nonexistent case” (emphasis added). The Court directed Mr.

Mr. Nwaubani’s Response did not discuss the USCA4 Appeal: 25-9517 Doc: 8 Filed: 09/03/2025 Pg: 9 of 33 6 Glencore or Acres Properties cases, but the Court’s February 14 Order had mentioned only “a nonexistent case” and had not specified what that case was. Mr.

Nor did it cite Darden. It continued to cite the nonexistent Glencore and Acres Properties cases. JA 138-150.

Oral argument was held on March 14, 2025. A subsequent Order from this Court suggests that the issue of citation to nonexistent cases was discussed at this argument. See Supplemental Notice to Show Cause at JA 162; Resp’t Opening Br. at 4.

The Court should consider it as part of the record. As discussed in the Argument section, however, the notice/due process argument fails even in the absence of evidence that USCA4 Appeal: 25-9517 Doc: 8 Filed: 09/03/2025 Pg: 10 of 33 7 Respondent was put on notice of the issue as to citation of additional nonexistent cases at the oral argument. There is therefore no reason to extend this proceeding while the transcript is prepared.) Shortly after the argument, on March 31, 2025, the Court issued a Supplemental Notice to Show Cause .

JA 166. With respect to Glencore, he stated that he meant to cite to an administrative proceeding USCA4 Appeal: 25-9517 Doc: 8 Filed: 09/03/2025 Pg: 11 of 33 8 before the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, not a (nonexistent) Federal Circuit opinion. JA 167-168.

JA 167-168. As to Acres Properties, he conceded that this was a nonexistent case but stated that he researched two Seventh Circuit cases with “Acres” in their names; Dilley v. Holiday Acres Props.

What the text mentions

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More from Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, from Federal, or from 2025. The whole record is at court decisions on AI-hallucinated citations.

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